A gerund is a verb that ends in ing, whereas a gerund phrase is the same thing but with modifiers or complements added in. The following guidelines and lists will help you figure out whether a gerund or infinitive is needed. Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a. A gerund or gerund phrase can also be the object of a. Gerund and infinitive phrases the university of texas at dallas. Rules for using gerunds and infinitives to describe an action. It is formed from the verb run, it ends in ing, and it is functioning as a noun. The gerund phrase is the direct object of finished. Writing topic sentences with gerunds as the subjects. Like nouns, gerunds and gerund phrases can function as subjects, objects, or complements in a sentence. Gerunds and gerund phrases a gerund is a verb form ending in ing that is used as a noun.
Gerunds and infinitives can function as the subject of a sentence or the object of a verb. A gerund phrase consists of a gerund plus its modifiers. Divide students into three groups, ideally of three or four students. A gerund accompanied by its objects, complements, andor modifiers is called a gerund phrase or simply a noun phrase. The marketing of the product will continue for a few months yet. Exercise on gerund used as a subject english grammar. A collection of english esl gerunds worksheets for home learning, online practice, distance learning and english classes to teach about. Vowa verlag pmp4 108 infinitive with or without to insert to. Gerunds are not, however, all that easy to identify. Gerunds, participles, and infinitives in this handout, the three types of verbals are discussed. Like a regular gerund, a gerund phrase always functions as a noun, and can act as a subject, direct object, indirect object, object of a preposition, or predicate nominative in a sentence.
Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as nouns. The subject of a sentence is usually a noun or a pronoun. The explanation will be followed by two practice activities with these grammar forms. Gerund infinitive gi 5 fill in the gerund with the correct preposition. Flying grades as percentages 15 15 100% 14 15 93 15 87 12 15 80 11 15 73 10 15 67. Like nouns, gerunds are used as subjects, predicated nominatives, direct objects, or. The authorities postponed spending money on the project until the final stages. Since a gerund often acts as a noun, it takes the place of a noun in a sentence as well, namely as subject, direct object, subject complement, subject of. You will find 4 worksheets on this topic as well as a very useful article with some suggestions on how to explain the difference between the two to your students. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads.
Free infinitive and gerund worksheets this is the infinitive and gerund section of busy teacher. The gerund phrase the gerund phrase consists of the gerund, which always ends in ing, and its modifiers and complements. Gerunds plus their complements andor modifiers are called gerund phrases. You can use a gerund as the object of a preposition. In this advanced grammar lesson, i cover the six ways you can use a gerund, including as a subject, object, complement, object of a preposition, and as the object of a possessive. Gerunds and participles are also compared and contrasted in a separate section of this handout because they can both end in ing but have different functions in a sentence. Thus, gerunds will be subjects, subject complements, direct. Gerund as subject, object or complement try to think of a gerund as a noun in verb form.
The redcard holders write down verbs followed by gerunds. Gerunds can function as subjects or objects in a sentence. Help with the gerund is also used with cant to mean a reaction beyond the subjects control. Find a parking space is quite difficult in this area. She is looking forward to visiting his aunt in chicago. When a verb is in its gerund form, it refers to the activity rather than the action. A separate page deals with verbs that are followed by the gerund.
Because their function is that of a noun, gerunds may be used as the subject of a sentence. Gerunds the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Gerunds a gerund is a verb form verbal always ending in ing that acts as a noun. October 7, 2014 the subject of a sentence is usually a noun or a pronoun. In the study of english grammar, the terms gerund and gerund phrase are some things youll need to know about if you want to master the language. Like nouns, gerunds can be the subject, object or complement of a sentence. English esl gerunds worksheets most downloaded 74 results. Gerunds can also take complements direct objects, predicate nouns and modifiers adjectives, adverbs. Waking up early is the gerund phrase that forms the subject of the main verb is. An activity may also be expressed with a gerund or gerund clause, which can function as the subject or complement to the verb in the clause gerund.
The gerund can function as the subject of a sentence. Gerund or infinitive exercise 2 answers 1 we arranged to meet under the station clock at half nine. The gerund looks exactly the same as a present participle, but it is useful to understand the difference between the two. Gerunds and infinitives as subjects english grammar. Pdf the gerund and the toinfinitive as subject researchgate.
Gerund phrases always function as nouns, so they will be subjects. But sometimes, toinfinitives and ing forms are also used as subjects. The gerund always has the same function as a noun although it looks like a verb. Gerund and infinitive worksheet in this printable worksheet, the rules for using gerunds and infinitives will be explained in detail. The problem is that all present participles also end in ing. Complete the sentences with the gerund form of the verbs in parentheses.
Please fill in the correct preposition and the gerund. Gerunds and infinitives apu writing center 6268156000 ext. Grammar worksheet gerunds used as objects complete the sentences below by using the ing gerund form of the verbs on the right. Words derived from verbs are known as verbals and may take modifiers, objects, and complements to form verbal phrases a gerund phrase uses the ing form of the verb to function as a noun. Words derived from verbs are known as verbals and may take modifiers, objects, and complements to form verbal phrases a gerund phrase uses the ing. The gerund phrase is the subject of the verb takes. The gerunds in the examples, written in bold letters, are used as a subject of the sentence. Gerunds and infinitives some important rules the form of the verb that ends in ing is called a gerund when used as a noun. Following a verb gerund or infinitive both gerunds and infinitives can replace a noun as the object of a verb. The construction workers worried about losing their jobs. Gerunds used as subjects level intermediate answer key my notes 1.
Gerund is subject gerund is object gerund is complement she hates going out at night. The process of doing something rather than the actual doing. Swimming is a good exercise here the ing form swimming acts as the subject of the verb is. The problem here is that present participles also end with the letters ing.
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